Comparing OSI Model Network Functions

Compare and Contrast OSI Model Layers

Open Systems Interconnection Model

Data Encapsulation and Decapsulation

Layer 1-Physical

Layer 2-Data Link

Layer 3-Network

Layer 4-Transport

Upper Layers

OSI Model Summary

Configure SOHO Networks

SOHO Routers

Physical Layer Functions

Data Link Layer Functions

Network Layer Functions

Transport and Application Layer and Security Functions

The Internet

Hexadecimal Notation

Deploying Ethernet Cabling

Introduction: Summarize Ethernet Standards

Network Data Transmission

Ethernet Standards

Media Access Control and Collision Domains

100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet Standard

Gigabit Ethernet Standards

Summarize Copper Cabling Types

Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations

Shielded and Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations

Cat Cable Standards

Twisted Pair Connector Types

Copper Termination Standards

Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable

Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors

Summarize Fiber Optic Cabling Types

Fiber Optic Cable Considerations

Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber

Fiber Optic Connector Types

Fiber Ethernet Standards

Fiber Optic Cable Installation

Deploy Ethernet Cabling

Structured Cabling System

Cable Management

Wiring Tools and Techniques

Termination Tools

Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing

 Transceivers

Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Deploying Ethernet Switching

Deploy Networking Devices

Repeaters and Media Converters

Hubs

Bridges

Layer 2 Switches

Explain Network Interfaces

Network Interface Cards

Ethernet Frame Format

Media Access Control Address Format

Frame Length and Maximum Transmission Unit

Packet Sniffers and Taps

tcpdump

Wireshark

Deploy Common Ethernet Switching Features

Ethernet Switch Types

Switch Interface Configuration

Auto MDI/MDI-X

MAC Address Table and Port Security

Port Aggregation

Port Mirroring

Jumbo Frames and Flow Control

Power Over Ethernet

Troubleshooting Ethernet Networks

Explain Network Troubleshooting Methodology

Network Troubleshooting Methodology

Identify the Problem (Gather Information)

Identify the Problem (Question Users)

Establish a Theory of Probable Cause

Test the Theory to Determine the Cause

Establish a Plan of Action

Implement the Solution

Verify Full System Functionality and Implement Preventive Measures

Document Findings, Actions, and Outcomes

Troubleshoot Common Cable Connectivity Issues

Specification and Limitations

Cable Issues

Loopback Plugs, Status Indicators, and Interface Configuration

Cable Testers

Wire Map Testers and Tone Generators

Attenuation and Interference Issues

Crosstalk Issues

Cable Application Issues

Fiber Optic Cable Testing Tools

Explaining IPv4 Addressing

Explain IPv4 Addressing Schemes

IPv4 Datagram Header

IPv4 Address Format

Network Masks

 Subnet Masks

Host Address Ranges

Introduction: Explain IPv4 Forwarding

Layer 2 versus Layer 3 Addressing and Forwarding

IPv4 Default Gateways

Address Resolution Protocol

Unicast and Broadcast Addressing

Multicast and Anycast Addressing

Configure IP Networks and Subnets

Virtual LANs and Subnets

Classful Addressing

Public versus Private Addressing

Other Reserved Address Ranges

IPv4 Address Scheme Design

Supporting IPv4 and IPv6 Networks

Use Appropriate Tools to Test IP Configuration

IP Interface Configuration in Windows

ipconfig

ifconfig and ip

ARP CACHE UTILITY

Internet Control Message Protocol and ping

Troubleshoot IP Networks

Hardware Failure and Network Interface Issues

IP Configuration Issues

Duplicate IP and MAC Address Issues

Problem Isolation

Incorrect DNS Issues

Multicast Flooding Issues

Explain IPv6 Addressing Schemes

IPv4 versus IPv6

IPv6 Address Format

IPv6 Network Prefixes

IPv6 Unicast Addressing

IPv6 Link Local Addressing

IPv6 Interface Autoconfiguration and Testing

IPv6 Multicast Addressing

IPv4 and IPv6 Transition Mechanisms

Common IPv6 Address Prefixes

Configuring and Troubleshooting Routers

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Routing Concepts

Routing Tables and Path Selection

Static and Default Routes

Routing Table Example

Packet Forwarding

Fragmentation

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Dynamic Routing Concepts

Dynamic Routing Protocols

Interior versus Exterior Gateway Protocols

Routing Information Protocol

RIP Versions

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

Open Shortest Path First

Border Gateway Protocol

Administrative Distance

Classless Inter-Domain Routing

Variable Length Subnet Masks

VLSM Design

Introductiom: Install and Troubleshoot Routers

Edge Routers

Router Configuration

route

tracert and traceroute

Missing Route Issues

Routing Loop Issues

Asymmetrical Routing Issues

Low Optical Link Budget Issues

Introduction: Explaining Network Topologies and Types

Explain Network Types and Characteristics

Client-Server versus Peer-to-Peer Networks

Network Types

Network Topology

Star Topology

Mesh Topology

Ring Topology

Bus Topology

Hybrid Topology

Explain Tiered Switching Architecture

Three-Tiered Network Hierarchy

Spanning Tree Protocol

Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration

Switching Loop and Broadcast Storm Issues

Introduction: Explain Virtual LANs

Virtual LAN IDs and Membership

Trunking and IEEE 802.1Q

 Tagged and Untagged Ports

Voice VLANs

Explaining Transport Layer Protocols

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Transport Protocols

Transport Layer Ports and Connections

Transmission Control Protocol

TCP Handshake and Teardown

User Datagram Protocol

Common TCP and UDP Ports

Use Appropriate Tools to Scan Network Ports

IP Scanners

Nmap

netstat

Remote Port Scanners

Protocol Analyzers

Introduction and Objectives

Introduction: Explain the Use of Network Addressing Services

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP Server Configuration

DHCP Options Configuration

DHCP Reservations and Exclusions

DHCP Relay and IP Helper

DHCPv6 Server Configuration

Explain the Use of Name Resolution Services

Host Names and Fully Qualified Domain Names

Domain Name System

Name Resolution Using DNS

Resource Record Types

Host Address and Canonical Name Records

Mail Exchange, Service, and Text Records

Pointer Records

Introduction: Configure DNS Services

DNS Server Configuration

Internal versus External DNS

nslookup

 dig

Lesson 11: Introduction & Objectives

Topic 11A Explain the Use of Web, File/Print, and Database Services

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security

File Transfer Protocol

Secure File Transfer Protocol

File and Print Services

Database Services

Explain the Use of Email and Voice Services

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Mailbox Access Protocols

Voice and Video Services

VoIP Protocols

VoIP Phones

Voice Gateways

Lesson 12: Introduction & Objectives

Explain the Use of Network Management Services

Secure Shell Servers and Terminal Emulators

Secure Shell Commands

Telnet

Remote Desktop Protocol

Network Time Protocol

Use Event Management to Ensure Network Availability

Performance Metrics, Bottlenecks, and Baselines

Environmental Monitoring

Simple Network Management Protocol

Network Device Logs

Log Collectors and Syslog

Event Management

Log Reviews

Use Performance Metrics to Ensure Network Availability

Network Metrics

Bandwidth Management

Traffic Shaping

Traffic Analysis Tools

NetFlow

Interface Monitoring Metrics

Troubleshooting Interface Errors

Lesson 13: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Explain Common Security Concepts

Security Concepts

Security Risk Assessments

Vulnerability and Exploit Types

Threat Types and Assessment

Security Information and Event Management

Penetration Testing

Privileged Access Management

Vendor Assessment

Introduction: Explain Authentication Methods

Authentication Methods and Access Controls

Multifactor and Two-Factor Authentication

Local Authentication and Single Sign-on

Kerberos

Digital Certificates and PKI

Extensible Authentication Protocol and IEEE 802.1X

RADIUS and TACACS+

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LDAP Secure

Lesson 14: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Security Appliances

Network Segmentation Enforcement

Screened Subnets

Firewall Uses and Types

Firewall Selection and Placement

Proxy Servers

Network Address Translation

Port Address Translation

Defense in Depth

Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

Introduction: Troubleshoot Service and Security Issues

DHCP Issues

Name Resolution Issues

VLAN Assignment Issues

Unresponsive Service and Network Performance Issues

Misconfigured Firewall and ACL Issues

Untrusted Certificate Issues

Other Common Issues

Lesson 15: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Summarize Wireless Standards

IEEE 802.11 Wireless Standards

IEEE 802.11a and 5 GHz Channel Bandwidth

IEEE 802.11b/g and 2.4 GHz Channel Bandwidth

IEEE 802.11n, MIMO, and Channel Bonding

Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6

Multiuser MIMO

2G and 3G Cellular Technologies

4G and 5G Cellular Technologies

Introduction: Install Wireless Networks

Infrastructure Topology and Wireless Access Points

Wireless Site Design

Site Surveys and Heat Maps

Wireless Roaming and Bridging

Wireless LAN Controllers

Ad Hoc and Mesh Topologies

Introduction: Troubleshoot Wireless Networks

Wireless Performance Assessment

Signal Strength

Antenna Types

Insufficient Wireless Coverage Issues

Channel Utilization and Overlap Issues

Overcapacity Issues

Interference Issues

Introduction: Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Security 

Wi-Fi Encryption Standards

Personal Authentication

Enterprise/IEEE 802.1X Authentication

Wi-Fi Security Configuration Issues

Client Disassociation Issues

Open Authentication and Captive Portal Issues

Lesson 16: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Explain WAN Provider Links

Wide Area Networks and the OSI Model

WAN Provider Links

T-Carrier and Leased Line Provider Links

Digital Subscriber Line Provider Links

Fiber to the Curb

Cable Provider Links

Metro-optical Provider Links

Microwave Satellite

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Remote Access Methods

Remote Network Access Authentication and Authorization

Tunneling and Encapsulation Protocols

Client-to-Site Virtual Private Networks

Remote Host Access and Remote Desktop Gateways

Site-to-Site Virtual Private Networks

Hub and Spoke VPNs and VPN Headends

Internet Protocol Security

IKE and IPSec Modes

Out-of-Band Management Methods

Lesson 17: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Explain Organizational Documentation and Policies

Operating Plans and Procedures

System Life Cycle Plans and Procedures

Physical Network Diagrams

Rack Diagrams

Logical versus Physical Network Diagrams

Security Response Plans and Procedures

Hardening and Security Policies

Usage Policies

Data Loss Prevention

Remote Access Policies

Common Agreements

Introduction: Explain Physical Security Methods

Badges and Site Secure Entry Systems

Physical Security for Server Systems

Detection-Based Devices

Alarms and Tamper Detection

Asset Disposal

Employee Training

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Internet of Things Devices

Internet of Things

Industrial Control Systems/Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

 IoT Networks

Placement and Security

Lesson 18: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Explain Disaster Recovery Concepts 

High Availability

Fault Tolerance and Redundancy

Recovery Sites

Facilities and Infrastructure Support

Power Management

Network Device Backup Management

Topic 18B Explain High Availability Concepts

Multipathing

Link Aggregation/NIC Teaming

Load Balancers

Redundant Hardware/Clusters

First Hop Redundancy

Lesson 19: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Compare and Contrast Types of Attacks Topic 

General Attack Types

On-path Attacks

DNS Poisoning Attacks

VLAN Hopping Attacks

Wireless Network Attacks

Distributed DoS Attacks and Botnets

Malware and Ransomware Attacks

Password Attacks

Human and Environmental Attacks

Introduction: Apply Network Hardening Techniques

Device and Service Hardening

Endpoint Security and Switchport Protection

VLAN and PVLAN Best Practices

Firewall Rules and ACL Configuration

Control Plane Policing

Wireless Security

IoT Access Considerations

Patch and Firmware Management

Lesson 20: Introduction & Objectives

Introduction: Summarize Cloud Concepts 

Cloud Scalability and Elasticity

Cloud Deployment Models

Cloud Service Models

Cloud Connectivity Options

Infrastructure as Code

Cloud Security Implications

Introduction: Explain Virtualization and Storage Area Network Technologies 

Hypervisor Types

Virtual NICs and Switches

Network Function Virtualization

Storage Area Networks

SAN Connection Types

iSCSI

Introduction: Explain Datacenter Network Architecture 

Datacenter Network Design

Software Defined Networking

Spine and Leaf Topology

Datacenter Access Types

Multiprotocol Label Switching

Software-defined WAN

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